Civil society

Civil society encompasses the nonprofits, advocacy groups, community organizations, and grassroots movements that operate outside government and business to advance the public good. This archive collects stories of civil society actors driving measurable progress on issues ranging from human rights and environmental protection to public health and civic participation.

Close up of a Black-faced impala., for article on white-eared kob migration

South Sudan launches epic effort to protect the world’s largest mammal migration

South Sudan’s great migration — now confirmed as the largest land mammal movement on Earth — sweeps up to six million animals across the floodplains each year, following rainfall in a vast circular loop. A new 10-year partnership between the South Sudanese government and the nonprofit African Parks is working to keep it that way, blending aerial surveys and GPS collars with generations of Indigenous knowledge. Seventeen ethnic groups share this landscape, and for centuries they’ve left informal corridors of “No Man’s Land” open so wildlife can pass freely between them. Tribal members now serve as observers, technicians, and field operators in the conservation effort itself. It’s a hopeful reminder that the most enduring protection often grows from the people who’ve always lived alongside what they’re protecting.

Iberian lynx, for article on Iberian lynx recovery

Iberian lynx no longer endangered after numbers improve in Spain and Portugal

The Iberian lynx has climbed from just 94 individuals in 2002 to 2,021 today, earning a reclassification from “endangered” to “vulnerable” on the IUCN Red List. Two decades ago, the world’s most threatened wild cat was confined to two small populations in southern Spain and widely expected to vanish. What turned things around was patient, unglamorous work: breeding programs, reintroductions across Spain and Portugal, rabbit recovery efforts, and local communities choosing to share their land with an animal once treated as vermin. Threats remain — road deaths, rabbit disease, and climate change — but the lynx now stands as living proof that coordinated, cross-border conservation can pull a species back from the edge, offering a template for recoveries elsewhere.

Alive sturgeon in aquarium, for article on Atlantic sturgeon reintroduction

Atlantic sturgeon reintroduced in Sweden for the first time after “functional extinction”

Atlantic sturgeon are back in Sweden’s Göta River for the first time in over a century, with 100 juvenile fish — each around 60 centimeters long — released near Bohus Fortress. Each one carries an acoustic transmitter so researchers can follow their journey toward the sea and, hopefully, back again to spawn. The fish were bred in Germany and brought over with support from Rewilding Europe, part of a growing network of sturgeon recovery projects stretching across the continent’s rivers. Sturgeon stir up riverbeds, host mussels, and signal a healthy ecosystem just by showing up. Their return is a quiet, patient kind of hope — proof that even species lost for generations can find their way home when the water is ready to receive them.

Horses on grassland, for article on Przewalski's horses

Wild horses return to Kazakhstan steppes after two-century absence

Przewalski’s horses—the only truly wild horse species left on Earth—are back on the Kazakh steppe after a two-century absence, with seven animals arriving from zoos in Berlin and Prague in June 2024. Their 30-hour flight aboard a Czech air force transport ended in the very landscape where humans likely first domesticated horses some 5,500 years ago. The herd is set to grow to 40 over the next five years, and the horses will quietly get to work as ecosystem engineers, spreading seeds and loosening soil as they roam. A similar effort in Mongolia has grown a wild population to roughly 1,500—a hopeful sign that this homecoming could ripple outward, restoring both a species and the grasslands that need it.

Bison, for article on Portugal wild bison

Portugal welcomes first wild bison in 10,000 years as part of plan to rewild a quarter-million acres

European wood bison are back in Portugal for the first time since the last Ice Age, with a small herd settling into the Greater Côa Valley. They came from Poland, where more than 4,000 wisent now roam wild — a remarkable turnaround for a species that survived the 20th century with just 50 animals left in zoos. Conservationists hope the bison will reshape the landscape through grazing and trampling, encouraging biodiversity and even helping break up the dense, dry vegetation that fuels Portugal’s wildfires. It’s a small herd with a big role to play, and a hopeful sign of what Europe’s growing rewilding movement can do when given room to breathe.

A person preparing for planting the plant, for article on Colombian Amazon restoration

Campesinos plant nearly a million trees in deforestation hotspot in the Colombian Amazon

More than 700 campesino families in the Colombian Amazon have planted nearly a million native trees across former cattle pasture, transforming one of the country’s worst deforestation hotspots into recovering forest. In just four months, families across the Cuemaní region planted over 984,000 trees and palms — and tapirs, deer, and parrots that had disappeared with the chainsaws are already coming back. Teenagers who joined botanical surveys alongside scientists discovered they could earn a living as local forest experts, with some now pursuing degrees in agroforestry. What makes this remarkable isn’t just the scale, but the model: when the people who once cleared the land become its protectors, restoration starts to hold — a lesson echoing across the Amazon and beyond.

Karla Sofia Gascon, for article on Cannes Film Festival history

Karla Sofía Gascón becomes the first trans woman to win award for Best Actress at Cannes

Karla Sofía Gascón became the first openly transgender woman to win Best Actress at Cannes, sharing the 2024 honor with her three Emilia Pérez co-stars in a collective award chosen by Greta Gerwig’s jury. Gascón plays a Mexican drug lord who transitions in Jacques Audiard’s genre-bending musical, which also took home the festival’s Jury Prize. In her speech, she dedicated the win to “all trans people who suffer so much and must keep faith that changing is possible.” When a far-right politician responded with a transphobic post, six French LGBTQ+ groups filed a joint legal complaint — civil society closing ranks around her. Moments like this shift what young trans artists and audiences believe is possible.

Howler monkey, for article on howler monkey rewilding

Brazil takes pioneering action to rewild howler monkeys

Brazil has launched its first national population management program for the brown howler monkey, a species now ranked among the 25 most threatened primates on Earth after yellow fever outbreaks killed thousands. Coordinated across eight states, the program pairs a newly adapted yellow fever vaccine with strategic translocations to restore wild populations. In Rio de Janeiro’s Tijuca National Park, two groups of howlers now live in an urban forest where the species had been absent for over a century. The effort offers a potential model for other imperiled Atlantic Forest species.

A rainforest river winding through dense green jungle in Suriname for an article about Suriname malaria-free certification, for article on dual-insecticide bed nets

New types of mosquito bed nets could cut malaria risk by up to half, trial finds

New mosquito bed nets cut malaria transmission by 20 to 50 percent in a major trial across 17 African countries, offering a real answer to the growing problem of insecticide resistance. The nets pair the standard pyrethroid coating with a second insecticide that hits mosquitoes through a different biological pathway, so the ones that used to shrug off treated nets no longer can. At under three dollars each, they cost about the same as the older versions they’re replacing. Paired with the malaria vaccine now rolling out across Africa, these nets are part of a layered defense that could meaningfully shift the trajectory of a disease that still kills hundreds of thousands of people every year.

Tall old-growth redwood trees in northern California for an article about Yurok Tribe land return, for article on tribal co-management

Yurok Tribe becomes first Native people to co-manage land with the National Park Service

Yurok Tribe land return marks a historic milestone as the tribe reclaims 125 acres of ancestral territory and becomes the first Native nation to formally co-manage land alongside the National Park Service. The agreement returns the parcel known as ‘O Rew, near Orick in Humboldt County, after more than a century of displacement that stripped the Yurok of roughly 90% of their homeland. Ecological restoration is already underway, with thousands of juvenile salmon returning to a rebuilt Prairie Creek. The deal reflects a growing Land Back movement and sets a new precedent for Indigenous stewardship of public lands.