Public health & disease

From disease eradication efforts to advances in vaccination and maternal health, this archive tracks real progress in public health. Stories here focus on what’s working — policies, interventions, and research that are improving and extending lives around the world.

Close-up of a researcher examining brain scan imagery for an article about Alzheimer's reversal in mice

American scientists fully reverse Alzheimer’s in mice in a promising study

Alzheimer’s reversal in mice has been achieved by a team of American researchers who eliminated amyloid plaques and tau tangles while restoring measurable memory and spatial reasoning in treated animals. Using precision gene therapy to suppress overactive neurodegeneration pathways, the team reduced brain inflammation and reactivated neurons that had gone functionally silent. The findings matter because no existing treatment reverses Alzheimer’s — they only slow it. What makes this significant is that recovery, not merely stabilization, was observed, challenging longstanding assumptions about irreversible brain damage and strengthening the case that neuroplasticity could become a realistic therapeutic target.

A young child eating a nutritious meal in a sunlit community setting for an article about child malnutrition eliminated

Humanity effectively eliminates child malnutrition for the first time in history

Child malnutrition could be effectively eliminated as a global public health emergency by 2041, according to a projection from the UN and World Food Programme. Global stunting rates in children under five sat near 22% in the mid-2020s, and sustained progress on the first 1,000 days of life is what makes the path credible. If it holds, hundreds of millions of children would grow up with futures their grandparents couldn’t have imagined.

A community health worker treats a child in a rural village for an article about neglected tropical diseases

Humanity cuts neglected tropical diseases to less than 1% of 2000 levels

Neglected tropical diseases could fall below 1% of their year-2000 levels by 2041, the WHO projects, with five diseases fully eradicated and twelve others eliminated as public health problems. The shift began with the 2021 roadmap’s pivot toward country-led, community-rooted care. If it holds, it would mark one of the most sweeping health gains in human history.

Earth's atmosphere glowing blue from space for an article about ozone layer recovery, for article on Montreal Protocol ozone layer, for article on HCFC atmospheric decline

Global ozone layer reaches 1980 levels for the first time in decades

Earth’s ozone layer could return to 1980 levels by 2040, marking the first time a planet-scale atmospheric system damaged by industry has been measurably healed. Emissions of ozone-depleting chemicals have already fallen more than 99% from their peak, tracking the UN’s 2023 recovery projection. If it holds, it’s proof that coordinated global action really can mend what we’ve broken.

Cooling towers of a coal power plant at sunset for an article about coal phase-out

Humanity shuts down its last coal-fired power plant

Coal-fired power could vanish worldwide by 2040, when the last plant — a 74-year-old facility in China’s Shanxi Province — is projected to go dark. Global coal capacity already peaked around 2022, as solar and wind became the cheapest new electricity in history. If the trend holds, cleaner air and roughly 800,000 fewer pollution deaths each year would follow.

A doctor reviewing patient records in a bright clinic for an article about U.S. cancer survival rates

More than 7 in 10 U.S. cancer patients now survive five years after diagnosis

Cancer survival rates in the United States have crossed 70% for the first time in recorded medical history, meaning the majority of the roughly 2 million Americans diagnosed each year will be alive five years later. Up from approximately 50% in the 1970s, this milestone reflects decades of progress in early detection, immunotherapy, targeted treatments, and survivorship care. More than 4 million cancer deaths were averted between 1991 and 2022. Critically, significant gaps persist by race, cancer type, and geography, making equity the defining challenge of what comes next.

Naloxone kit and opioid awareness materials for an article about fentanyl overdose deaths

Fentanyl overdose deaths in the U.S. fall by a third in a historic reversal

Fentanyl overdose deaths dropped by roughly 35 percent in 2024, marking the steepest single-year decline in the history of the opioid epidemic. Provisional CDC data shows total drug overdose deaths falling from a peak of around 112,000 in 2023 to an estimated 80,000 in 2024, with synthetic opioids driving most of the decrease. The reversal reflects years of overlapping efforts, including expanded naloxone access, removal of federal barriers to buprenorphine prescribing, and sustained harm reduction investment. Tens of thousands of Americans are alive today who would not have been under the prior trajectory.

A hospital billing statement on a desk for an article about medical debt relief in Los Angeles County

Los Angeles County erases 3 million in medical debt for low-income residents

Los Angeles County has canceled 3 million in medical debt for tens of thousands of low-income residents, partnering with nonprofit RIP Medical Debt to purchase and erase unpaid hospital bills at pennies on the dollar. The program required nothing from recipients — just a letter confirming their debt was gone. With one in five L.A. adults carrying medical debt, and communities of color bearing a disproportionate share, the relief addresses both economic hardship and public health. The initiative reflects a growing movement among local governments nationwide to treat medical debt as a structural problem, not a personal failing.