Public health & disease

From disease eradication efforts to advances in vaccination and maternal health, this archive tracks real progress in public health. Stories here focus on what’s working — policies, interventions, and research that are improving and extending lives around the world.

Illustration of a liver

U.S. FDA approves hepatitis B drug that offers some patients a functional cure

A hepatitis B drug used alongside existing antivirals is aimed at ending years of treatment for some adults, though most trial patients did not reach that result. In two placebo-controlled trials across 29 countries, 19% had no detectable virus or surface protein at least 24 weeks after stopping treatment, versus none on placebo. The label carries a boxed warning for liver flares and low platelets, excludes people with cirrhosis, and requires weekly blood checks.

Pakistan child receiving polio vaccine

Pakistan vaccinates 45 million children against polio as cases drop sharply in 2026

Polio vaccination in Pakistan isn’t a once-a-year event; it’s a repeated campaign aimed at the same roughly 45 million children under five, delivered three times over on average in 2026 alone. Four separate campaigns, two nationwide and two targeting high-risk districts, have put polio drops in children’s mouths more than 135.9 million times this year. That sustained effort continues a decline already underway: cases fell from 74 in 2024 to 31 in 2025, and now stand at just four in 2026.

Large rolls of hundred dollar bills

Kentucky erases $250 million in medical debt for 130,000 residents

For tens of thousands of Kentuckians, medical debt just disappeared — no forms, no applications, just a letter in the mail. Governor Andy Beshear directed $2.5 million to a nonprofit that buys medical debt for pennies on the dollar and cancels it. The first wave already erased $103 million for 46,000 people. The money came from a fund originally set aside for housing assistance — a reminder that even well-designed relief still competes for limited dollars.

Mosquito on human hand

Burkina Faso’s malaria vaccine rollout cuts cases 32%, deaths 44%

Malaria has killed more people in Burkina Faso than almost any other disease, hitting children under five hardest. The country’s malaria vaccine rollout, scaled to all 70 health districts by mid-2025, helped drive a historic single-year decline: total cases fell from over 10.8 million to 7.3 million, while deaths dropped 44%. Still, 7.3 million cases in one year remains an enormous toll, and whether the pace holds amid funding pressures is far from settled.

Eye, for article on trachoma elimination

Timor-Leste eliminates trachoma, world’s leading cause of blindness

Trachoma elimination has now reached every corner of WHO’s South-East Asia Region, and Timor-Leste — one of Southeast Asia’s youngest nations — pushed it over the finish line. The disease spreads through poverty-linked conditions like poor sanitation and limited clean water, making elimination genuinely hard-won here. A 2025 survey across all 13 municipalities found zero transmission requiring public health action, though individual trichiasis cases will still need ongoing care and sustained funding. This milestone shows that coordinated global health efforts can conquer diseases once seen as permanent features of poverty.

Bhutan town, for article on dog-transmitted rabies

Bhutan becomes first WHO South-East Asia nation to eliminate rabies

Rabies elimination is one of public health’s hardest challenges, and Bhutan just became the first country in the WHO South-East Asia Region to achieve it for dog-transmitted rabies — the source of nearly all human rabies deaths worldwide. The milestone reflects over a decade of mass dog vaccination, free post-exposure treatment, and community volunteers reaching remote villages. Sustaining it remains the real test, since rabies doesn’t respect borders and neighboring areas stay vulnerable. Still, Bhutan’s model shows that political will, community action, and coordinated science can eliminate a disease that kills thousands globally each year.

MRI scan, for article on accessible medical equipment

U.S. now requires medical equipment to be accessible for people with disabilities

Accessible medical equipment rules now give Americans with disabilities a federal guarantee that hospitals and clinics must actually have the tools to examine them — something existing anti-discrimination law never fully delivered. General facilities must meet a 10% accessibility threshold, rising to 20% at practices specializing in mobility conditions. The gap this closes is stark: some patients had to visit a veterinary office just to be weighed, traveling dozens of miles because no doctor’s office nearby could accommodate them. Real change now depends on consistent enforcement, since most exam rooms remain inaccessible today even as the rules take effect.

Cancer cells, for article on pancreatic cancer drug

U.S. FDA approves breakthrough pancreatic cancer drug that doubles survival

Pancreatic cancer has long been one of medicine’s most stubborn opponents, with a five-year survival rate of just 13 percent and few good options once chemotherapy stops working. The newly approved drug daraxonrasib offers patients a targeted second chance — blocking a specific protein that drives cancer cell growth rather than flooding the body with toxic agents. Clinical trial results showed a meaningful survival advantage over standard chemotherapy, though pricing remains unannounced and cost could limit who actually benefits. Still, the KRAS-targeting science behind this drug may eventually open new doors for other hard-to-treat cancers too.

Food packaging, for article on PFAS ban in food packaging, for article on PFAS food packaging

E.U. forever chemical ban in food packaging now in effect across 27 member states

PFAS restrictions on food-contact packaging are now enforceable across every E.U. member state — one of the most sweeping coordinated measures of its kind. Pizza boxes, paper bakery bags, and wrapping paper have long relied on PFAS — compounds linked to liver damage, immune suppression, and certain cancers — leaving manufacturers to reformulate or forfeit E.U. market access. The rules apply at strict concentration thresholds, and PFAS in cookware, textiles, and firefighting foam remain largely unaddressed. Still, harmonizing standards across 27 countries at once offers a replicable model for the world.

Batur Mountain, Indonesia, for article on Indonesia universal health coverage

Indonesia achieves universal health coverage for 98% of its population

Universal health coverage reaching 280 million people is one of the most ambitious public health achievements of the past decade — and Indonesia just pulled it off. A decade ago, the country had more than 300 fragmented insurance schemes; today one unified program covers nearly the entire population, built on reforms to primary care, diagnostics, and provider payment. Yet enrollment and access aren’t the same thing — utilization remains uneven, with remote eastern provinces lagging far behind Java. For lower-income countries building their own paths to universal coverage, Indonesia’s decade of evidence is exactly the roadmap the world needs.