Public health & disease

From disease eradication efforts to advances in vaccination and maternal health, this archive tracks real progress in public health. Stories here focus on what’s working — policies, interventions, and research that are improving and extending lives around the world.

Portable electric stove, for article on clean cooking investment

Africa’s clean cooking investment tops $3 billion since 2024 summit

Clean cooking investment in Africa has crossed $3.1 billion in commitments since 2024, representing a genuine shift in how seriously the world is treating a crisis that kills an estimated 850,000 people a year — more than malaria. Funding has reached communities across dozens of countries, and new policies now cover governments responsible for the majority of Africans without clean cooking access. Yet pledges and deployment remain different things, and the funding still falls well short of what universal access requires. This momentum shows that a health crisis long treated as invisible is finally being treated as solvable.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility test., for article on antibiotic resistance

U.S. scientists restore a last-resort antibiotic’s power over superbugs

Drug-resistant infections already kill more than a million people a year worldwide and contribute to nearly 5 million deaths — a toll projected to climb toward 10 million annually by 2050 if nothing changes. Now researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York and Scripps Research and in California have found a way to fight back without inventing new drugs: a small companion molecule, pghi-4, that disables a key bacterial defense and lets vancomycin kill resistant bacteria again in lab tests. The approach is years from clinical use, but restoring the antibiotics medicine already has could eventually save millions of lives.

Close up of brown eye, for article on trachoma elimination

El Salvador becomes first Central American country to eliminate trachoma, WHO says

El Salvador’s trachoma elimination shows what’s possible when basic health infrastructure finally reaches the communities most often left behind. Trachoma — the world’s leading infectious cause of blindness — thrives where clean water and health care are scarce, so clearing it signals those foundations have genuinely taken hold. The achievement came through three years of community outreach, expanded sanitation, and trained health workers catching cases early. Global elimination by 2030 remains ambitious, with several neighboring countries still mapping where the disease even exists. But El Salvador’s path from suspected cases to full certification offers a credible model for the region.

Water falling on hand, for article on clean water access

Nearly a billion people gained clean water and 1.2 billion gained sanitation since 2015

Clean water access for nearly a billion people and sanitation for 1.2 billion are among the headline achievements of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals decade — part of a broader surge that also includes a 30 percent drop in new HIV infections and internet access nearly doubling. These gains reflect what sustained international cooperation and targeted investment can actually deliver. Yet only 36 percent of trackable SDG targets are on or near schedule, and gender equality goals remain entirely off track. The window to finish what this decade started is still open — but narrowing fast.

Infant foot, for article on infant mortality rate, for article on India infant mortality rate

India cuts infant mortality by 20% in five years to its lowest rate on record

India’s infant mortality progress represents one of the most significant public health achievements in the developing world right now. A dramatic rise in hospital births — from 83% to more than 95% of all deliveries between 2019 and 2024 — is the clearest engine behind the gains, giving newborns immediate access to trained staff. Yet states like Chhattisgarh reveal that access alone isn’t enough, as the hardest remaining work centers on neonatal care quality in those critical first weeks of life. When frontline healthcare reaches the most vulnerable, the whole world gets closer to the goal.

Filling vaccine syringe, for article on HPV vaccine

England records zero cervical cancer deaths in young women, crediting HPV vaccine

HPV vaccination is proving it can do something remarkable: wipe out a cancer entirely in a generation. England’s school-based program, now nearly two decades old, has driven cervical cancer deaths to zero among women in their early twenties — a cohort where dozens of deaths would otherwise have been expected. Researchers say this is only the beginning, with far greater impact ahead as vaccinated generations age. It’s a powerful reminder that a single vaccine, delivered early enough, can make a whole category of suffering disappear — and that other countries have a clear, proven path to follow.

Person giving blood, for article on blood donation ban

Canada removes ban on blood donations from gay men

Canada’s shift to behaviour-based blood donation screening closes a 30-year chapter in which gay and bisexual men were turned away not because of anything they did, but because of who they are. Starting September 30, 2022, donors will be assessed on individual risk behaviours — the same standard applied to everyone else. More than eight countries, including the U.K., France, and Brazil, have already made similar moves, signalling a global reckoning with policies that lagged far behind the science. This is what it looks like when health systems finally catch up to both the evidence and human dignity.

Stethoscope on top of a stock of hundred dollar bills, for article on medical debt cancellation, for article on medical debt cancellation, for article on medical debt cancellation

Connecticut has erased $513 million in medical debt for 250,000 residents since 2024

Medical debt relief is reaching Connecticut residents automatically — no application, no paperwork, just a letter confirming the debt is gone. The state partnered with a nonprofit that purchases debt portfolios at steep discounts, meaning every $6.5 million in public funding has erased roughly $100 in debt for every dollar spent. Relief flows automatically to residents earning under 400% of the federal poverty level, or whose medical debt exceeds 5% of their annual income. Because medical debt falls hardest on people already facing barriers to care, this model — now spreading across multiple states — points toward something genuinely replicable.

Someone holding a Chilean flag, for article on leprosy elimination

Chile becomes the first country in the Americas to eliminate leprosy, WHO verifies

After more than three decades without a locally acquired case, Chile has become just the second country in the world — after Jordan — to be officially verified by the World Health Organization as having eliminated leprosy.
The verification, announced jointly by WHO and the Pan American Health Organization, marks the end of a long arc. Chile’s last locally acquired case was reported in 1993, originating on Rapa Nui (Easter Island), where the disease first arrived in the late 19th century. The win came from decades of patient work: ongoing surveillance, free multidrug treatment provided through PAHO since 1995, trained clinicians, and care that prioritized dignity alongside diagnosis.
Globally, leprosy still affects more than 200,000 people a year, mostly in tropical regions, and WHO has urged Chile to keep its surveillance sharp in case the disease ever returns. But for now, an ancient illness has been pushed to the margins of one country’s medical history — and a model has been built for others to follow.

New York City park, for article on urban forest plan

New York City’s first urban forest plan targets its hottest, least-shaded blocks

New York City’s first Urban Forest Plan aims to grow tree canopy from 23.4% to 30% of the city’s surface by 2040, with a focus on neighborhoods that have been left in the sun for too long. Right now, environmental justice communities sit under about 19% canopy cover, while wealthier areas enjoy 26% — a gap you can feel on a hot summer afternoon. The plan protects existing trees, expands planting on streets and private land, and trains residents, including NYCHA tenants, to care for the urban forest. It’s a hopeful reminder that shade, cooler air, and cleaner streets are infrastructure every neighborhood deserves.