Starting in 2026 C.E., South Africa will prohibit the sale and use of terbufos, one of the most acutely toxic pesticides still in commercial circulation. The ban follows years of sustained pressure from scientists, rural advocacy groups, and human rights organizations — and it stands to protect thousands of people, particularly children and agricultural workers in vulnerable farming communities.
At a glance
- Terbufos ban: South Africa will prohibit terbufos from the start of 2026 C.E., removing one of the world’s most hazardous organophosphate pesticides from its agricultural market.
- Public health impact: Terbufos has been a leading cause of accidental poisoning in rural areas — even trace exposures can be fatal, and children are disproportionately affected.
- Advocacy coalition: The Center for Environmental Rights and the Rural Women’s Assembly led the multi-year campaign, combining scientific evidence with community testimony to push the policy over the line.
Why terbufos was so dangerous
Terbufos belongs to the organophosphate family of pesticides — chemicals that interfere with the nervous system of insects, but also of mammals, birds, and humans. It is classified by the World Health Organization as Class Ia — “extremely hazardous” — the highest toxicity tier in its pesticide risk framework.
In South Africa, it was widely used on maize and sugarcane crops, often in granular form that could be mistaken for food by young children. Farm workers applying the pesticide faced acute exposure risks, and rural communities near agricultural land had little protection. The European Union and several other countries had already banned terbufos years earlier, making South Africa an outlier among nations with comparable agricultural sectors.
The chemical also accumulates in soil and water, threatening non-target species. Raptors, ground-feeding birds, and small mammals that consumed contaminated insects or grain were documented casualties — disrupting food chains in ecosystems that South Africa, with its extraordinary biodiversity, can ill afford to damage.
Years of evidence, finally heard
The campaign to ban terbufos didn’t happen overnight. The Center for Environmental Rights and allied organizations spent years compiling poisoning data, commissioning toxicological reviews, and amplifying the testimony of rural women and farmworkers who bore the daily risk. The Rural Women’s Assembly gave a human face to statistics that government regulators might otherwise have treated as abstractions.
That combination — rigorous science paired with direct community voice — is what ultimately moved the needle. South Africa’s Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development completed a formal risk review and concluded the pesticide’s hazards could not be adequately managed through labeling or protective equipment requirements alone. A full ban was the only proportionate response.
The decision aligns South Africa with its obligations under international chemical safety frameworks and reinforces commitments the country made when it ratified the Minamata Convention on Mercury in 2017 C.E. — a treaty that reflects a broader national recognition of the risks posed by persistent chemical pollutants. It also fits within the global trajectory tracked by the National Agricultural Library, which documents the steady international move away from the most hazardous pesticide classes.
What comes next
Banning a pesticide creates an immediate question: what do farmers use instead? South Africa’s agricultural sector will need accessible, affordable alternatives — and the transition will require investment in extension services, farmer education, and possibly subsidies to ensure that smallholder farmers aren’t simply left without tools.
Enforcement is the other open challenge. Bans on paper don’t always translate to bans in practice, particularly in rural areas where supply chains are informal and regulatory oversight is stretched. Civil society groups that drove this campaign will likely need to stay engaged to monitor implementation and report violations.
Those are real and unresolved issues. But the precedent matters. South Africa has now demonstrated that evidence-based advocacy can shift national chemical policy — and that rural and Indigenous communities, including the farmworker women whose voices were central to this campaign, can be effective agents of that change.
The work of the Rural Women’s Assembly echoes broader fights for environmental justice playing out across the Global South. At COP30, Indigenous communities won formal recognition of 160 million hectares of land rights — another sign that grassroots environmental advocacy is producing durable, policy-level results. And as South Africa works to build a safer agricultural system, the global energy shift documented in stories like renewables reaching nearly half of global power capacity shows that systems-level change, once it starts, can move faster than expected.
For South Africa’s farming communities, 2026 C.E. can’t come soon enough.
Read more
For more on this story, see: Good News for Humankind — South Africa terbufos ban
For more from Good News for Humankind, see:
- Indigenous land rights win at COP30: 160 million hectares recognized
- Renewables now make up at least 49% of global power capacity
- The Good News for Humankind archive on environment
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