UN High Seas Treaty enters into force to protect two-thirds of Earth’s ocean
The UN High Seas Treaty — formally the Agreement on Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction — has officially entered into force after 60 nations completed ratification. It creates the first comprehensive legal framework to protect international waters, which cover nearly two-thirds of the planet’s ocean. The agreement enables marine protected areas, requires environmental impact assessments for risky activities, and establishes a system to share ocean discovery benefits with developing nations. Scientists and advocates call it a turning point for global ocean governance.









