Same-sex marriage

This archive tracks legal victories, policy shifts, and cultural milestones in the global expansion of same-sex marriage rights. From landmark court rulings to new legislation across continents, these 61 articles document how recognition of marriage equality has grown — and what that progress means for families and communities.

Belgian flag

Belgium becomes second country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage

Same-sex marriage has been legal in Belgium since 1 June 2003, making it the second country in the world to open marriage to same-sex couples, after the Netherlands, and 9 days ahead of the Canadian province of Ontario. Legislation to grant marriage rights to same-sex couples was passed by both chambers of the Federal Parliament in November 2002 and January 2003 with the support of most political parties, and received royal assent on 13 February 2003.