Ethics

A fragment of the Hippocratic oath on the 3rd-century Papyrus Oxyrhynchus, for article on Hippocratic Oath

Ancient Greek physicians set the foundations of medical ethics

The Hippocratic Oath, written sometime in the fourth or fifth century B.C.E. by an unknown author in the Greek medical tradition, bound physicians to their patients through a code of care, confidentiality, and restraint. Though the famous phrase “first, do no harm” came later, the spirit endured — shaping how societies have thought about medical duty for roughly 2,500 years.