South Asia

South Asia spans countries including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and their neighbors. This archive gathers progress stories from the region — covering public health, education, climate adaptation, economic inclusion, and more.

Elderly Indian man, for article on home voting India

For the first time, India’s elderly and disabled are able to vote from home

Home voting came to India’s national elections for the first time in 2024, opening the ballot to citizens aged 85 and older and to voters with significant disabilities — a group that together numbers more than 17 million people across the country. A team of polling officials visits each home, collects the ballot in person, and videographs the process to protect both secrecy and trust. In Churu, Rajasthan, eight family members with disabilities voted together from their living room; in remote corners of Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra, elderly voters skipped journeys they could no longer make. In the largest election in human history, it’s a quiet but powerful reminder that democracies grow stronger when they bend toward their people, not the other way around.

Aerial view of a geothermal power facility surrounded by tropical landscape for an article about Indonesia coal phase-out, for article on India coal capacity share

Coal’s share of power capacity in India drops below 50% for first time since 1960s

Coal now powers less than half of India’s electricity capacity for the first time since the 1960s — a quiet but historic line just crossed by the world’s most populous country. Renewables made up nearly three-quarters of the new capacity India added in the first quarter of 2024, and the country has already hit its 2030 goal of sourcing half its power from non-fossil sources, six years ahead of schedule. India has also climbed from ninth to third in global solar generation in less than a decade, behind only China and the United States. It’s a vivid reminder that when ambition, policy, and investment line up, energy transitions can move faster than almost anyone expected.

Wind turbines amid clouds, for article on E.U. wind power, for article on renewable electricity generation

Seven countries now generate 100% of their electricity from renewable energy

Renewable energy now powers more than 99.7% of electricity in seven countries: Albania, Bhutan, Nepal, Paraguay, Iceland, Ethiopia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Each one leaned into what their landscape offered — Himalayan rivers, volcanic heat, massive shared dams — and built their grids around it. They’re the leading edge of a wider shift, with roughly 40 countries now sourcing at least half their electricity from renewables. Stanford’s Mark Jacobson puts it plainly: no miracle technologies are needed, just focused deployment of wind, water, and solar. These seven nations are quiet proof that a modern society running on clean power isn’t a distant goal — it’s already happening, and the rest of the world is catching up.

Aerial photography of solar photovoltaic power plants in sunny weather, for article on Khavda Renewable Energy Park

The world’s largest clean energy plant is now under construction in the Indian state of Gujarat

The world’s largest renewable energy facility is rising from a salt desert in western India, sprawling across more than 200 square miles — roughly five times the footprint of Paris. Once complete in about five years, the Khavda Renewable Energy Park is expected to power 16 million Indian homes with clean electricity. Developer Adani Green Energy chose the barren Gujarat site precisely because it offers vast scale without displacing communities or wildlife, removing a common obstacle to major infrastructure. The project anchors India’s push toward 500 gigawatts of non-fossil capacity by 2030. For a country facing the world’s steepest energy demand growth in the decades ahead, Khavda is a hopeful sign that developing nations can leapfrog the fossil-heavy path wealthier countries once took.

Mangrove forest, for article on Pakistan mangrove restoration

Pakistan has expanded mangroves nearly threefold between 1986 and 2020

Pakistan’s mangrove forests have nearly tripled since 1986, growing from about 48,000 hectares to 144,000 hectares — a striking reversal of the global pattern of mangrove loss. Most of that expansion sits in the Indus Delta, where roughly 100,000 people depend on healthy mangroves for fishing livelihoods. The recovery has been driven by an unusual mix: provincial forest departments, international scientific partnerships, carbon credit financing, and fishing villages whose residents work as nursery hands and patrol against illegal cutting. In one coastal town, a single nursery holds 50,000 saplings ready for planting. As coastlines worldwide face rising seas and intensifying storms, Pakistan’s quietly persistent restoration offers a real-world template for what sustained, community-rooted conservation can achieve.

Golden mahseer fish swimming, for article on putitor mahseer recovery

Indigenous effort in Bangladesh helps reverse endangered fish’s slide to extinction

Endangered putitor mahseer are swimming again in the springs of Bangladesh’s Chittagong Hill Tracts, where scientists had nearly written the species off. The turnaround started when Indigenous communities revived their traditional Village Common Forests, protecting headwaters and banning fishing in restored springs — with a fine of 5,000 taka per fish to back it up. Within three years of forest protection, villagers like Lika Chakma watched long-silent springs run year-round again, and the fish followed. As global freshwater biodiversity declines faster than life on land or in the sea, this small comeback in eastern Bangladesh offers a hopeful blueprint: when Indigenous stewardship is trusted and resourced, ecosystems can heal themselves.

River dolphin, for article on river dolphin declaration

11 countries sign global pact to protect endangered river dolphins

River dolphins just got their first global lifeline: 11 countries have signed the Global Declaration for River Dolphins, a pact aiming to double Asian populations and halt declines across South America by 2030. It’s a meaningful turn for a group of species that has lost nearly three-quarters of its numbers since the 1980s. The hope isn’t abstract — China’s Yangtze finless porpoise population grew 23% over five years under strict protections, and the Indus river dolphin has nearly doubled in two decades. Because dolphins signal the health of the rivers nearly a billion people depend on, their recovery points toward something larger: that coordinated, community-rooted conservation can still pull ecosystems back from the brink.

Children holding the flag of Bangladesh

Bangladesh eliminates visceral leishmaniasis

Bangladesh has become the first country globally to be validated for elimination of visceral leishmaniasis, a life-threatening neglected tropical disease. The country achieved the elimination target of less than one case per 10,000 population at the sub-district level in 2017 and has sustained it to date.