North & Central America

This archive covers progress stories from North and Central America, spanning the U.S., Canada, Mexico, and the nations of Central America. Readers will find reporting on health, environment, community resilience, and policy advances across the region.

Good news for public health, for article on CAB-LA HIV prevention, for article on lenacapavir HIV prevention, for article on HIV infections in young men

New twice-yearly shot to prevent HIV achieves 100% success rate in late-stage trial

Lenacapavir, a twice-yearly HIV prevention shot, protected every single one of 2,134 women who received it in a late-stage trial across South Africa and Uganda — a 100% efficacy result so striking that monitors ended the blinded phase early. The breakthrough matters because daily prevention pills, while powerful in theory, often falter in real life: stigma, forgotten doses, and disrupted routines all chip away at protection. Two clinic visits a year, by contrast, means a full year of coverage. The remaining hurdle is access, with advocates pressing manufacturer Gilead to license generic versions for the regions hardest hit. If that happens, a tool this effective could reshape the global push to end the HIV epidemic by 2030.

Close up of a Black-faced impala., for article on white-eared kob migration

South Sudan launches epic effort to protect the world’s largest mammal migration

South Sudan’s great migration — now confirmed as the largest land mammal movement on Earth — sweeps up to six million animals across the floodplains each year, following rainfall in a vast circular loop. A new 10-year partnership between the South Sudanese government and the nonprofit African Parks is working to keep it that way, blending aerial surveys and GPS collars with generations of Indigenous knowledge. Seventeen ethnic groups share this landscape, and for centuries they’ve left informal corridors of “No Man’s Land” open so wildlife can pass freely between them. Tribal members now serve as observers, technicians, and field operators in the conservation effort itself. It’s a hopeful reminder that the most enduring protection often grows from the people who’ve always lived alongside what they’re protecting.

Silhouette of cannabis leaf, for article on Maryland marijuana pardons

Maryland Gov. Wes Moore set to issue 175,000 pardons for marijuana convictions

Maryland’s marijuana pardons just cleared more than 175,000 convictions in a single executive order — the largest state-level pardon any governor has ever signed. Governor Wes Moore framed it as unfinished business from legalization itself, noting that people arrested for cannabis decades ago still carry those records into job interviews, housing applications, and college admissions today. The order falls hardest in favor of Black Marylanders, who were arrested for cannabis at three times the rate of white residents before the state legalized recreational use in 2023. Moore was honest about the limits: a pardon can’t return lost years. But paired with the federal push to reschedule marijuana, it signals a country slowly reckoning with who paid the price of the war on drugs.

X-ray image of the intestine, for article on dostarlimab bowel cancer trial

New bowel cancer drug is found to be 100% effective

Immunotherapy just delivered something almost unheard of in cancer research: every single one of 42 patients in a rectal cancer trial showed no detectable tumour after treatment with the drug dostarlimab. Even more encouraging, the first 24 patients have now been tracked for an average of 26 months, and their cancers haven’t come back. For people with this specific subtype, it could mean skipping the chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery that often leave lasting damage. Larger studies are now underway to confirm the findings, but the signal is remarkable. It’s a glimpse of where cancer care may be heading worldwide — treatments that work with the body’s own immune system, and let patients keep their lives intact.

Claudia Sheinbaum, for article on Mexico's first female president

Mexico elects Claudia Sheinbaum as first female president

Mexico’s first female president won her 2024 election by roughly 30 percentage points — not a squeaker, but a landslide. Claudia Sheinbaum, a climate scientist with a doctorate in energy engineering, takes office two centuries into the Mexican Republic’s history, in a country where women couldn’t even vote in national elections until 1953. One 87-year-old voter told Reuters she was simply grateful to be alive to see it. Sheinbaum has pledged to keep popular anti-poverty programs going and to address violence by investing in young people’s futures. In a world hungry for leaders who understand both science and social justice, her rise feels like a quiet shift in what’s possible — for Mexico, and far beyond it.

Karla Sofia Gascon, for article on Cannes Film Festival history

Karla Sofía Gascón becomes the first trans woman to win award for Best Actress at Cannes

Karla Sofía Gascón became the first openly transgender woman to win Best Actress at Cannes, sharing the 2024 honor with her three Emilia Pérez co-stars in a collective award chosen by Greta Gerwig’s jury. Gascón plays a Mexican drug lord who transitions in Jacques Audiard’s genre-bending musical, which also took home the festival’s Jury Prize. In her speech, she dedicated the win to “all trans people who suffer so much and must keep faith that changing is possible.” When a far-right politician responded with a transphobic post, six French LGBTQ+ groups filed a joint legal complaint — civil society closing ranks around her. Moments like this shift what young trans artists and audiences believe is possible.

A neuron or nerve cell is an electrically excitable cell, for article on ALS synapse-regenerating pill

Breakthrough synapse-regenerating ALS pill moves to phase 2 human trials

A once-daily ALS pill designed to rebuild neural connections — not just slow their loss — has cleared FDA approval to begin Phase 2 trials, with patients across the U.S. starting doses in April 2024. SPG302 works on synapses, the tiny junctions where neurons talk to each other, which start vanishing before motor neurons themselves die. Every ALS drug currently on the market aims to slow decline; this one is being tested for whether it can actually help recover lost function. For the roughly 30,000 Americans living with ALS, that’s a genuinely different question to be asking. If it works, it could reshape how researchers approach neurodegenerative disease far beyond ALS.

Good news for public health, for article on CAB-LA HIV prevention, for article on lenacapavir HIV prevention, for article on HIV infections in young men

HIV transmissions in the U.S. dropped 12% between 2018 and 2002

HIV infections among young men in the U.S. dropped 30% between 2018 and 2022, the steepest decline of any age group in the latest CDC surveillance data. Researchers credit expanded testing, faster connection to treatment, and the growing reach of PrEP — a daily pill that cuts transmission risk by up to 99% when taken consistently. The South, long carrying the heaviest HIV burden in the country, saw the largest regional drop, and Black men experienced an 18% decline. Gaps remain, especially for transgender women and Latino gay men, but the news from this generation is genuinely hopeful: when prevention tools reach people early, they work. It’s a glimpse of what ending the epidemic could actually look like.

Packages of diapers, for article on Medicaid diaper coverage

Tennessee to become the first U.S. state to provide some children’s diapers

Free diapers through Medicaid are coming to Tennessee this August, with families receiving 100 a month for every child under two. It’s the first program of its kind in the country, and advocates expect it to deliver close to 100 million diapers a year to families who need them. The need is real: the National Diaper Bank Network found that 92% of Tennessee families receiving diaper assistance are working parents who still can’t afford enough. Local diaper banks helped lay the groundwork, and they’ll keep serving families the program doesn’t reach. Tennessee’s approach offers a tested path other states can follow, turning a quiet daily struggle into something a community can actually solve together.

Molly Cook, for article on LGBTQ+ Texas Senate

Molly Cook just became the first out LGBTQ+ person elected to the Texas Senate

Molly Cook just became the first openly LGBTQ+ person ever elected to the Texas Senate, winning her Houston-area special election with 57% of the vote. An emergency room nurse and sixth-generation Texan, she built her campaign around a simple idea: the laws passed in Austin show up in her ER, whether it’s a miscarriage complication under the state’s abortion ban or a neighbor freezing after the power grid fails. Her win places an out senator in a chamber that has produced some of the country’s harshest anti-LGBTQ+ legislation. Representation in rooms like this one doesn’t change everything overnight, but it changes who has to be seen, and that’s how long-standing ceilings start to crack.