Early Scandinavians invent the longship
Originally invented and used by the Vikings for commerce, exploration, and warfare, many of the longship’s characteristics were adopted by other cultures.
Technology & innovation
Humans of the Zhou dynasty in modern-day China invent the gear
Gears almost always produce a change in torque, creating a mechanical advantage, through their gear ratio, and thus may be considered a simple machine.
The ancient Chinese, perhaps of the Zhou Dynasty, invent the trip hammer
A trip hammer, also known as a tilt hammer or helve hammer, is a massive powered hammer used in agriculture, mining, finery forges, and a variety of other applications.
The Greeks build the world's first underground aqueduct, the Tunnel of Eupalinos, on the island of Samos
The tunnel is the second known tunnel in history which was excavated from both ends and the first with a geometry-based approach in doing so.
Humans of ancient Greece invent the crane
The archaeological record shows that no later than c. 515 B.C.E. distinctive cuttings for both lifting tongs and lewis irons begin to appear on stone blocks of Greek temples.
The Assyrians build the world’s first long-distance canal systems
The first sophisticated long-distance canal systems were constructed in the Assyrian empire in the 9th century B.C.E. and incorporated tunnels several kilometres in length.
Chinese bronze inscriptions come into use in modern-day China
The bronze inscriptions are one of the earliest scripts in the Chinese family of scripts.
Humans in ancient Chinese invent the sheng, an early polyphonic reed instrument
The sheng is a Chinese mouth-blown free reed instrument consisting of vertical pipes. It is a polyphonic instrument and enjoys an increasing popularity as a solo instrument. It is one of the oldest Chinese instruments
Humans, perhaps in ancient Mycenaean Greece, invent the lathe
A flat wooden dish which stood on wooden legs and features many characteristics of lathes was found in a pit grave at Mycenae dated at 1100 to 1400 B.C.E.
Humans from the Andronovo culture of the central Eurasian steppe invent the chariot (~2,000 B.C.E. ???)
The earliest fully developed spoke-wheeled horse chariots are from the chariot burials of the Andronovo (Timber-Grave) sites of the Sintashta-Petrovka Proto-Indo-Iranian culture in modern Russia and Kazakhstan from around 2000 B.C.E.