Child well-being

This archive tracks real progress in child well-being — from advances in nutrition, education, and mental health to policies that expand opportunity for young people worldwide. Each story focuses on what’s working and why, grounded in evidence rather than optimism alone.

Baby and mother holding hands, for article on cesarean birth survival

Jacob Nufer performs the first recorded cesarean birth with both mother and baby surviving

Cesarean birth survival entered medical memory around 1500 C.E., when a Swiss pig gelder named Jacob Nufer reportedly opened his wife’s abdomen after days of failed labor — and both lived. The story, written down 82 years later by a surgeon with an agenda, may be embellished, but it gave European medicine something powerful: proof that survival was even imaginable.