Humans settled near Lake Titicaca domesticate the potato
Various cultures of indigenous peoples in Bolivia developed in the high altitude settings of altiplano, where they coped with low oxygen levels, poor soils and extreme weather patterns.
Agriculture (10000 - 3000 B.C.E.)
First communal activity begins at the location of Muscat in modern-day Oman
Muscat’s notability as a port was acknowledged by Western Civilization as early as the 1st century CE by the Greek geographer Ptolemy, who referred to it as Cryptus Portus, and by Pliny the Elder, who called it Amithoscuta. Muscat is now the capital and largest city of Oman.
Squash is domesticated for the first time in modern-day southern Mexico
The earliest known evidence of the domestication of Cucurbita dates back at least 8,000 years ago, predating the domestication of other crops such as maize and beans in the region by about 4,000 years.
Humans domesticate chickens for the first time, possibly in modern-day China
Scholars agree that they were first domesticated from a wild form called red junglefowl, a bird that still runs wild in most of southeast Asia, most likely hybridized with the gray junglefowl.
Plant and animal domestication underway on the Iberian peninsula
By the Iron Age, starting in the 7th century B.C.E., the Iberian Peninsula consisted of complex agrarian and urban civilizations, either Pre-Celtic or Celtic.
Humans invent lead smelting, perhaps in modern-day Turkey
The earliest known cast lead beads were found in the Çatalhöyük site in Anatolia (Turkey), and dated from about 6500 B.C.E., but the metal may have been known earlier.
Neolithic Europeans establish what is perhaps the world’s first sea trade in the Aegean Sea
The trade route involved the seaborne movement of obsidian by an unknown Neolithic Europe seafaring people. The obsidian was mined from the volcanic island of Milos and then transported to various parts of the Balkans, Anatolia, and Cyprus, where they were refined into obsidian blades. However, the nature of the seafaring technologies involved has not been preserved.
The Mehrgarh Culture flourishes in modern-day Pakistan
Mehrgarh is one of the earliest sites with evidence of farming and herding in South Asia. It is seen as a precursor to the Indus Valley Civilization.
Ubaid culture thrives in ancient Mesopotamia
Ubaid culture is characterized by large unwalled village settlements, multi-roomed rectangular mud-brick houses and the appearance of the first temples of public architecture in Mesopotamia.
Humans in northern China invent mead
Mead is an alcoholic beverage created by fermenting honey with water, sometimes with various fruits, spices, grains, or hops.