Damascus – perhaps the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world – is founded in modern-day Syria
Pottery from the 3rd millennium B.C.E. has been discovered in the Old City of Damascus.
Agriculture (10000 - 3000 B.C.E.)
Botai culture thrives in modern-day Kazakhstan
The Botai culture is an archaeological culture (c. 3700–3100 B.C.E.) of prehistoric Kazakhstan and North Asia. It was named after the settlement of Botai in northern Kazakhstan. The Botai culture has two other large sites: Krasnyi Yar, and Vasilkovka.
First systems of writing begin to emerge in Sumeria
Cuneiform is a system of writing first developed by the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia c. 3500-3000 B.C.E.
Early Neolithic tribes build megalithic tombs across Ireland
Megalithic monuments in Ireland typically represent one of several types of megalithic tombs: court cairns, passage tombs, portal tombs and wedge tombs.[1][2] The remains of over 1,000 such megalithic tombs have been recorded around Ireland.
Humans begin using field systems for the first time, perhaps in the Céide Fields of modern-day Ireland
The Céide Fields is an archaeological site in the west of Ireland. The site is the most extensive Neolithic site in Ireland and contains the oldest known field systems in the world.
The Botai people of Central Asian steppes domesticate the horse for the first time
The clearest evidence of early use of the horse as a means of transport is from chariot burials dated c. 2000 B.C.E. However, an increasing amount of evidence supports the hypothesis that horses were domesticated in the Eurasian Steppes approximately 3500 B.C.E.
The wheel is invented in Mesopotamia, initially used for pottery
Evidence indicates they were created to serve as potter’s wheels around 3500 B.C. in Mesopotamia, 300 years before someone figured out to use them for chariots.
Minoan culture begins in Crete
The Minoan civilization flourished in the middle Bronze Age on the Mediterranean island of Crete from ca. 2000 B.C.E. until ca. 1500 B.C.E. and, with their unique art and architecture, the Minoans made a significant contribution to the development of Western European civilization as it is known today.
Humans discover and settle Cuba
Cuba’s earliest known human inhabitants colonized the island in the 4th millennium B.C.E.