The first known permanent settlement of the area began with the Linear Pottery Culture, around 5000 B.C.E. in the Neolithic era. About 200 B.C.E., the Celtic Boii tribe founded the first significant settlement, a fortified town known as an oppidum.
The majority of Cucuteni–Trypillia settlements consisted of high-density, small settlements, concentrated mainly in the Siret, Prut and Dniester river valleys.
The Berbers have occupied North Africa, specifically the Maghreb, since the beginning of recorded history and until the Islamic conquests of the 8th century CE constituted the dominant ethnic group in the Saharan region.
Broadly defined, mysticism can be found in all religious traditions, from indigenous religions and folk religions like shamanism, to organised religions like the Abrahamic faiths and Indian religions, and modern spirituality, New Age and New Religious Movements.
In the Indus Valley, archaeologists discovered evidence of meditation in wall art dating from approximately 5,000 to 3,500 B.C.E.
The ancient Roman historian Pliny suggested that Phoenician merchants had made the first glass in the region of Syria around 5000 B.C.E. But according to the archaeological evidence, the first man made glass was in Eastern Mesopotamia and Egypt around 3500 B.C.E.
Wooden oars, with canoe-shaped pottery, dating from 5000-4500 B.C.E. have been discovered in a Hemudu culture site at Yuyao, Zhejiang, in modern China.
Scientists believe that apples were first domesticated in the Tian Shan region of southern Kazakhstan. In fact, by as early as 2000 B.C.E., domesticated apples were being grafted in the Near East.
The Vinča symbols are a set of symbols found on Neolithic era artifacts from the Vinča culture of Southeastern Europe. The nature and purpose of the symbols is a mystery.
The Neolithic long house was a long, narrow timber dwelling built by the first farmers in Europe beginning at least as early as the period 5000 to 6000 B.C.E. They first appeared in central Europe in connection with the early Neolithic cultures such as the Linear Pottery culture or Cucuteni culture.
